UN nuclear watchdog chief heads for Iran, stresses need for diplomatic solution
Rafael Grossi says IAEA must have more access to nuclear program, warns Tehran has a large amount of nuclear material that can be used for a bomb
International Atomic Energy Agency chief Rafael Grossi is set to visit Tehran on Wednesday for crucial talks on Iran’s nuclear program, warning just ahead of his trip that room for maneuver is narrowing.
His visit comes only two days after Defense Minister Israel Katz said that the Islamic Republic is “more exposed than ever to strikes on its nuclear facilities.”
Israel and other countries have long accused Iran of seeking to acquire nuclear weapons, a claim Tehran denies.
Iran has launched two missile attacks on Israel, one in April in response to an airstrike on Damascus that killed a top Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander it blamed on Israel, and another in October, in response to Israel’s killing of Tehran-backed terrorist leaders and an IRGC commander. Israel retaliated last month with an airstrike on Iranian air defense batteries and military sites protecting crucial energy facilities.
Iran backs armed proxies throughout the region, including terror groups Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, and its leaders have called for the destruction of Israel.
“The margins for maneuver are beginning to shrink,” Grossi said in an interview with AFP ahead of his visit to Iran, adding that “it is imperative to find ways to reach diplomatic solutions.”
While the IAEA is allowed to carry out inspections in Iran, Grossi stressed the need for “more visibility” into Iran’s nuclear program, given its scale and ambition.
“They have a lot of nuclear materials that could be used eventually to make a nuclear weapon, the IAEA chief told CNN on Tuesday, adding: “They do not have a nuclear weapon at this point.”
Trump’s warning
Grossi’s trip comes after Donald Trump — who pulled out of a hard-won nuclear deal with Iran negotiated under Barack Obama — was voted back into the White House.
Trump said last week that he was not seeking to harm Iran and instead wanted its people to have “a very successful country,” while insisting “they can’t have a nuclear weapon.”
In 2015, major world powers including the United States reached an agreement with Iran on its nuclear program after 21 months of talks.
The text provided for an easing of international sanctions on Iran in exchange for guarantees that it would not seek nuclear weapons.
But Trump withdrew from the agreement in 2018 and re-imposed US sanctions on Iran.
A year later, Iran started to gradually roll back its commitments to the nuclear deal, which only allowed Tehran to enrich uranium to 3.65 percent purity.
The IAEA says Iran has considerably increased its reserves of enriched uranium to 60%, close to the 90% needed to develop an atomic bomb.
It is against this backdrop that Grossi is schedule to visit Iran for the first time since May.
In a statement, the IAEA said it would hold “high-level meetings with the Iranian government” and conduct “technical discussions on all aspects.”
Cameras unplugged
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, who came to office in July with hopes of improving ties with the West and having sanctions lifted, favors a revival of the nuclear deal.
But all efforts to get the nuclear agreement off life support have so far failed.
The IAEA chief has repeatedly called for more cooperation from Iran.
In recent years, Tehran has decreased its interaction with the UN agency by deactivating surveillance devices needed to monitor the nuclear program and effectively barring its inspectors.
The foundations of Iran’s nuclear program date back to the late 1950s, when the United States signed a civil cooperation agreement with Iran’s then-Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
In 1970, Iran ratified the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which requires signatory states to declare and place their nuclear materials under IAEA control.
But with Iran threatening to hit back at Israel for its latest missile strikes, some lawmakers in the Islamic Republic have called on the government to revise its nuclear doctrine to pursue nuclear weapons.
The parliamentarians called on Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who wields ultimate authority in Iran, to reconsider his long-standing religious edict or fatwa banning nuclear weapons.
The Islamic Republic has maintained its policy against acquiring nuclear weapons, insisting its nuclear activities were entirely peaceful.
