Italy sees record number of antisemitic incidents in 2025

Zev Stub is the Times of Israel's Diaspora Affairs correspondent.

Pro-Palestinian, anti-Israel demonstrators sits down in front of police officers during a protest on a highway in Milan, Italy, against Israel's interception of the Gaza-bound Global Sumud Flotilla, on October 3, 2025. (Stefano RELLANDINI / AFP)
Pro-Palestinian, anti-Israel demonstrators sits down in front of police officers during a protest on a highway in Milan, Italy, against Israel's interception of the Gaza-bound Global Sumud Flotilla, on October 3, 2025. (Stefano RELLANDINI / AFP)

A record 963 antisemitic incidents were reported in Italy in 2025, according to the latest data from the country’s Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea, or CDEC).

The country has seen a marked upward trend over the past four years, the foundation’s annual report shows. In 2022, 241 incidents were recorded, rising to 453 in 2023 and 877 in 2024.

Most incidents occurred online, with 643 cases reported on digital platforms. Physical acts, including graffiti, vandalism and desecration of synagogues, threats, intimidation and assaults, accounted for 320 cases.

Over the past year in Italy, antisemitic incidents have included synagogue vandalism in Rome with Nazi slogans, physical assaults on Jewish individuals in Milan, and verbal harassment in Venice.

A survey found in September that around 15% of Italians view attacks on Jews as “justifiable.”

CDEC researchers warn that antisemitic discourse is becoming increasingly normalized in Italian society, shrinking the social spaces in which being Jewish is regarded as acceptable under constitutional protections.

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