French weekly has history of angering Muslims with cartoons

Charlie Hebdo’s satire has lampooned not only Islam but also Pope Benedict XVI, Nicolas Sarkozy, and Jews

The cover of an issue of Charlie Hebdo depicting an ultra-Orthodox man pushing a wheelchair-bound Muslim (screen capture)
The cover of an issue of Charlie Hebdo depicting an ultra-Orthodox man pushing a wheelchair-bound Muslim (screen capture)

PARIS — The French newspaper Charlie Hebdo’s staple is to be provocative — poking fun at popes, presidents as well as the Prophet Muhammad.

The satirical weekly attacked Wednesday by gunmen, killing at least 12, has a history of drawing outrage across the Muslim world with crude cartoons of Islam’s holiest figure. The magazine’s offices were firebombed in November 2011 after it published a spoof issue that “invited” Muhammad to be its guest editor and put his caricature on the cover.

A year later, the magazine published more Muhammad drawings amid an uproar over an anti-Muslim film. The cartoons depicted Muhammad naked and in demeaning or pornographic poses. As passions raged, the French government defended free speech even as it rebuked Charlie Hebdo for fanning tensions.

The small-circulation weekly leans toward the left and takes pride in making acerbic commentary on world affairs through cartoons and spoof reports.

“We treat the news like journalists. Some use cameras, some use computers. For us, it’s a paper and pencil,” the Muhammad cartoonist, who goes by the name Luz, told The Associated Press in 2012. “A pencil is not a weapon. It’s just a means of expression.”

Publishing director of the satyric weekly Charlie Hebdo, Charb, displays the front page of the newspaper as he poses for photographers in Paris, Wednesday, Sept. 19, 2012. (photo credit: AP/MIchel Euler)
Publishing director of the satyric weekly Charlie Hebdo, Charb, displays the front page of the newspaper as he poses for photographers in Paris, Wednesday, Sept. 19, 2012. (photo credit: AP/MIchel Euler)

Chief editor Stephane Charbonnier, who publishes under the pen name “Charb,” has also defended the Muhammad cartoons.

“Muhammad isn’t sacred to me,” he told The AP in 2012. “I don’t blame Muslims for not laughing at our drawings. I live under French law. I don’t live under Quranic law.”

Islam is not alone in being singled out by Charlie Hebdo’s satire. Past covers include retired Pope Benedict XVI in amorous embrace with a Vatican guard; former French President Nicolas Sarkozy looking like a sick vampire; and an Orthodox Jew kissing a Nazi soldier.

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The magazine occasionally publishes investigative journalism, taking aim at France’s high and mighty.

Charlie Hebdo has come under pressure ever since its 2011 Muhammad issue. Its website has been hacked, and Charbonnier has needed police protection. Riot police guarded the magazine’s offices after the 2012 issue hit the stands.

Copyright 2015 The Associated Press. 

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